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Traditional / experimental practice

Ancient Rhythms · The Usuls of the Middle East

In Turkish makam music an usul is a cycle defined by the order and strength of its strokes; the strong stroke is usually the low 'düm', the half-strong and weak strokes the high 'tek'. Four usuls in turn: sofyan (four beats, three strokes), düyek (eight beats, five strokes), semâi (three beats, three strokes) and aksak (nine beats, six strokes). The tempos were chosen. This is the skeleton of the cycle, not a performance: the positions and order of the strokes come from the sources, the sounds are abstract percussion timbres. There is no claim of any effect.

7 minNo headphones neededEvidence level S: Soundscape, no claim

Liner notes

Strikes
Percussion ×4
What do you hear?
busy

4 layers, one sound engine; generated on this device every time it plays.

How is this sound made?

  1. Percussion−6.7 dB

    Percussion · a 3-stroke pattern, cycle 2 s

  2. Percussion−8 dB

    Percussion · a 5-stroke pattern, cycle 2 s

  3. Percussion−7 dB

    Percussion · a 3-stroke pattern, cycle 1.49 s

  4. Percussion−7.5 dB

    Percussion · a 6-stroke pattern, cycle 2.27 s

  • Reverb: room, 12% mix

In the room you can listen to each layer on its own, change its settings and save it as your own recipe.

Sound is generated on this device in real time; no files are downloaded from a server. There is a 6 s fade-in at the start and a 0 min fade-out at the end.

Compare with another sound

Hear both at the same loudness; drag the slider to the middle and they blend.

In the middle the two sounds truly blend; loudness is matched.

B: neighbours on the map

8 trials, half of them the same sound; get at least 7 right and the difference is audible. The result stays on this device.

What do we know, what don't we know?

S · Soundscape, no claim

No health or mental-effect claim at all; it is simply a soundscape.

This session isn't linked to any claim of effect.

A session's level is the weakest of its linked claims; it is never raised by a strong but unrelated claim.

Its neighbours on the map

The five sounds closest to this one by measured sound features.

Keep your device volume comfortable, preferably below 60%. You can also use your device's headphone-safety settings.